EAI Computer Users' Group Newsletter, Fourteenth Edition
CHAPTER
INTERNATIONAL
USERSTGROUP
Communication
- 14th EditionApril 1986-
PE I ^ J S L E T TFEORU R T E E NETDHI T I O N
T A I U S E R SG
' R O UN
1986
FEBRUARY
Page
Contents
Letter from the President
1
Editor's Page
2
M i n u t e s o f t h e E A I C o m p u t e rU s e r s ' G r o u p M e e t i n g 1 9 8 5
3
I n v i t a t ' i o n t o t h e 1 9 8 6 U s e r s ' G r o u pM e e t i n g
,|984
questions
E A I ' s a n s w e r st o t h e
39
40
A r t i c l e s o f t h e 0 r g a n ' i z a t j o n o f t h e E A I C o m p u t e rU s e r s ' G r o u p
43
Newsfrom the North American Chapter
48
R o n - H o m o g e n e oMuus l t i p r o c e s s o r
Effic'ient Application of the SIMSTAN
S
t
u
d
i
e
s
t o L a r g e - S c a l eS i m u l a t i o n
P . L a n d a u e r ,E A I h l e s t L o n g B r a n c h
49
S I M S T AaRt t h e T e c h n i c a l U n i v e r s i t y o f V ' i e n n a
60
Addresses:
P r e s id e n t :
Miss AnneI. MACKINNON
University of Glasgow
D e p t . o f E l e c t r o n i c s a n d E l e c t r i c a l E n g in e e r i n g
Oakfield Avenue
G l a s g o wG l 2 8 Q Q
S c o t l a n d , U .K .
T e l . : ( 0 4 1) 3 3 0 4 7 9 2
V i c e - P r e si d e n t
Editor of the Newsletter:
M r s . I r m g a r dH U S I N S K Y
T e c h n i s c h eU n i v e r s i t ä t b J ' i e n
E D V - Z e n t r u mA, b t . H y b r i d r e c h e n a n l a g e
G u ß h a u s s t r a ß 2e 7 - 2 9
A - 1 0 4 0 h l ie n
ffi-
T e l . : ( 0 2 2 2 ) 5 6 0 1 / 3 7 0 4o r 3 7 0 6
Executive Secretary:
Mr. Henk t,rj.A.JUNGBAUER
EAI - Electronic Associates GmbH
F r a n z s t r a ß e1 0 7
D - 5 1 0 0A a c h e n
frästGermanv
Tel.: (0241)26041or 26042
from t h e P r e s i d e n t
Here we are at
Userst Group.
the
b e g i n n i n g o f a n e w y e a r p l a n n ' i n gt h e n e x t m e e t i n go f t h e
T h e v e r y s u c c e s s f u l m e e t i n ga t S a n t a M a r g h e r i t a ' i s d e s c r i b e d i n t h i s N e w s l e t t e r
a n d d e l a 1 l s a r e g ' i v e no f t h e n e x t m e e t i n g t o b e h e l d a t G r o n i n g e n .A s t h e c o s t s
o f t h i s m e e t i n gw i l l b e q u i t e r e a s o n a b l e w e h o p e t o h a v e a g o o d t u r n o u t
p a r t i c u ' l a r ' l y f r o m t h e n o r t h a n d w e s t o f E u r o p e . I t i s s o m et i m e s i n c e w e h a d
a n y o n ef r o m S c a n d ' i n a v i a t o u r m e e t i n g sa n d t h e y w e r e v e r y a c t ' i v e i n t h e e a r l y
m e e t in g s .
l i n H o lI a n d ' i n 1 9 6 9
T h e U s e r s t G r o u p s t a r t e d a f t e r a m e e t ' i n go f i n t e r e s t e d p e o p e
a n d w e h o p e t o h a v e s o m eo f t h e o r i g i n a l m e m b e r s p e n d s o m et i m e w i t h u s a t t h e
meet'ing.I hope to see you there.
I c a n n o t s a y o f t e n e n o u g ht h a t y o u r B o a r d i s a n x i o u s t o h e a r f r o m y o u a b o u t t h e
f o r m y o u f e e l b o t h t h e m e e t i n g s a n d t h e N e w s l e t t e r s h o u l d t a k e . l r ' f ec o n s i d e r e d
i s s u ' i n g a q u e s t i o n n a i r e b u t d e c ' i d e dt o p o s t p o n ei t i n t h e m e a n t i m e .T h e n e w f o r m
o f t h e f i y e r f o r a n n o u f r c i n tgh e n e x t m e e t i n gw a s d e s i g n e d b y I r m g a r d H u s ' i n s k y
a f t e r c o m m e n t sf r o m u s e r s a t t h e m e e t i n g a t S a n t a M a r g h e r i t a . I l i k e i t a n d a m
sure you do too.
I look forward to hearing from you and, hopefully, seeingyou at Groningen.
Best wishesfor 1986,
Yourssincere'ly,
AnneI. MacKinnon
Dept. of Electronicsand Electrical Engineering
U n ' i v e r s ' i t yo f G l a s g o w
P r e si d e n t
E A I C o m p u t e rU s e r s ' G r o u p
International Chapter
Editor's Page
Dear User,
T h i s N e w s l e t t e r g i v e s y o u a n e x t e n s i v e r e p o r t o f t h e U s e r s ' G r o u p t v l e e t i n g1 9 8 5 .
T h i s t i m e u s e r p r e s e n t a t i o n sc o v e r e da w i d e r a n g e o f a p p l i c a t i o n s o f a n a l o g a n d
h y b r i d c o m p u t e r s . E A I ' s p r e s e n t a t i o n s c o n c e n t r a t e do n a p p l i c a t i o n s o f t h e n e w '
S I M S T AM
R u l t i p r o c e s s o r , I w o u l d l i k e t o s a y m a n yt h a n k s t o a l l t h e a u t h o r s o f
the presentations who provided abstracts.
0ther topics of th'is Newslletter are neurs from the North American Chapter.
E u r o p e ' s i i r s t S I M S T AiRs i n t r o d u c e d b y a f e w p i c t u r e s . T o r e m i n d y o u o f t h e
a i m s o f t h e U s e r s t G r o u pt h e a r t i c l e s o f o u r o r g a n i z a t i o n a r e p u b l i s h e d h e r e .
A l t h o u g h m a n yo f y o u m a y h a v e a l r e a d y r e c e i v e d t h e i n f o r m a t i o n t h e q u e s t i o n s p u t
t o E A I a t t h e 1 9 8 4 m e e t ' i n ga n d t h e r e s p e c t i v e a n s w e r s a r e p u b l i s h e d f o r t h e
first time in this Newsletter.
I w o u l d l i k e t o d r a wy o u r s p e c i a l a t t e n t i o n t o t h e ' i n v i t a t i o n t o t h e n e x t U s e r s '
G r o u pM e e t i n g o n p a g e 3 9 .
O n e u s e r i s l o o k i n g f o r a s p e c i a l s o f t w a r e . M a y b ey o u c a n h e ' l p h f m ( p a s e 1 6 ) .
I f y o u h a v e a n y c o m m e n t so r s u g g e s t i o n s c o n c e r n ' i n gt h e a c t i v i t i e s o f o u r U s e r st
G r o u pd o n t t h e s i t a t e t o c o n t a c t M ' i s s M a c K i n n o no r m e . P l e a s e n o t e o u r n e w
t e l e p h o n en u m b e r s .
Sincerely Yours
Irmgard Hus'insky
H y b i i d r e c h e n a näl g e
T e c h n i s c h eU n i v e r s i t ä t t l j i e n
Vice President, Editor of the Newsletter
E A I C o m p u t e rU s e r s ' G r o u p
International Chapter
l
p rrrtNo
M r r u u r rosF r H eE A IC o u p u r rUns r n s 'G n o uM
O c t o b e r 2 - 4 , 1 9 8 5 , G e n o v a/ S a n t a M a r g h e r i t a , I t a i y
of the presentations
on the abstracts obtained frorn the authors
This report of the meeting is based
Ansaldo componentit
the excellent organization of {vrr. rylarras,
and the editorrs recordings. Due to
thisuJaSagainaVelysuccessfulmeeting.2?attendeescamefromeightcountries.Alistof
oarticipants is given on Page 3E'
Programfe
ldednesdaY, 0ctober 2nd
Ansaldo Componenti, Genova Sampierdarena
Report
on page
OPEI{INGSESSION
Ehairman: A. fvlacKinnon
tdelcomeAddress
President of the Usersr Group
A. lYlacKinnon,
tdelcomeAddress
L. LiPari, Ansaldo ComPonenti
A brief Survey of Ansaldo Organization and Activities
D. lYlarras,Ansaldo ComPonenti
Visit to the Steam Turbine {YlanufacturingArea
and Analog ComputerFacitity of Ansaldo
ThursdaY, October 3rd
Santa Margherita Ligure
T
SESSION
C h a i r m a n :K . H . F a s o l
I
i
I
I
II
Report of EAI
P. Landauer, EAI lLJestLong Branch
SIüSTARStatus RePort
F. Kaczala, EAI Paris
SIüSTARTraininq and Maintenance
F. Kaczala, EAI Paris
't0
I
SESSION
TECHNICAL
C h a i r m a n :J . E . J . H e r m a n s
Family of Digital Arithmetic Processors in SIwISTAR
P. Landauer, EAf LJestLonq Branch
11
short-form 0vervieu about the GoULDConcept 32 Product Line
D. lvleerkamPrEAI Aachen
12
- Fi-rst Report
Exoeriences rrlith SIwISTAR
lI. Kleinert, Technische Universität tdien
1lt
lLJorkinqGrouP
Report
on Page
SESSION
S]MSTAR
Chai-rman:D. lYlarras
SIüSTARNonlinear Oscillator
P. Landauer, EAf LJestLong Branch
17
SImSTARSimulationofaSatelliteAttitudeController
P. Landauer, EAI lJest Lonq Branch
'19
Friday, October 4th
Santa lvlargherita Li-gure
]I
SESSION
TTCHNICAL
Chairman: H. Schemmann
SomeAspectsoflnterfacingaPACER600tootherComputers
H. HoffmannrDFVLRBraunschueig
2A
Realtime Control of a Servomechanism
M.Riegel-Rauner'UniversitätderBundesr:iehrMÜnchen
21
DynamicSimulation Facilities at Gasunie Research
J.E.J. Hermans,NederlandseGasunie
24
5E55IONI11
TECHNICAL
Chairman: F. Riga
Experiences urith a 2000 Link to an Apple
University of Glasgotrl
A. lYlacKinnon,
26
Analog Si_mulation brings Quick solutions of control Problems
tqülheim/Ruhr
tYl.fYlinne,KIrJU
27
SpecialProblemsuiththeSimulationoftheDFVLRResearch
A i r c r a f t V F U6 1 4 ( A T T A S )
P. Saager, DFVLRBraunschueig
29
wlodelling and simulation of a controlled Motor-vehicle Drive
K.H. Faso1, Ruhr-Universität Bochi':m
30
5 E 5 5 I O NI I
Chairman: I. HusinskY
i
Multiprocessol
Non-Homogeneous
Efficient Application of the SIIY|STAR
Studies
Simulation
Large-Scale
to
P. Landauer, EAI ltlest Long Branch
SESSION
CLOSING
Chairman: A. fYlacKinnon
4S
33
Delegates u1ere ulelcomed by Anne MacKi-nnon, the President
uords;
users rLiith the follouing
wI 'lould like
to r:lelcome al1 participants
of the Usersr Group, ulho addressed the
to the EAI Computer Usersf Group meeting at Genova,
Santa
ItIt
is the
Margherita.
This year our numbers are slightly
quality that countsrr.
smaller
than last
to
thank Ansaldo very much for
I r.rlould l-ike
find it very uorthuhile.
lJe have establi.shed the custom of introducing
rr
this.
After
the introductions
lYlr. Lipari
year but as one of our members said,
arranging
ourselves
addressed the users.
the meeting.
I am sure u,e are all
and our equipment. I think
going tq
ule should nouj do
This uas his rrlelcomeaddress:
ttladies and Gentlemen:
Good afternoon
to everYbodY.
and in Ansaldo Componenti I hold the position
lvly name is wlichele Lipari,
lYlanager of the PorLlerGeneration Division.
of machininq and assembly
this group of enqineers and
I am proud to trlelcome, on behalf of Ansaldo Componentits top management,
add my
And, to this I
Genova.
in
to hold their meeting
professors ulho have accepted our invitation
oun personal ulelcome.
preparing the details
lvly friend Dino fvlarras has spent a 1ot of ti-me organizing and meticulously
the closure
And at
the next three days in order to ensure that you have a maximumof comfort.
be able to say that Dino Marras has done a really good job.
this meeting I am sure that r:le uill
of
of
by Liguria
and
offered
interests
I hope that you rrrill enjoy the natural and touristic
Tn addition,
lYlediterranean.
part
the
of
this
in
found
climate
temperate
the
r:lell
as
Genova as
aroused
of interest
the level
hjhile, for the main part, the success of this meeting rLri11depend on
completely
be
days, the meetinq uill
these three
during
experiences
similar
of
by discussion
knowledge of our
you a better
give
to
able
also
are
ure
people
if
from
Ansaldo
for
the
successful
comPany.
uith pleasure that trle take this opportunity because of the high level of technical
is
It
all divisions of this group.
uhich distinguish
and long established traditions
expertise
853 to the engineering rrrorkshop of
To trace the origin of the Ansaldo Companyone must go back to 1
manufacturinq centre and in rrlhich the
Sampierdarena (ulhere u1e are) ulhich represented the first
and the first
marine boilers
by manufacturing the first
activity
company started its industrial
reputation.
remarkable
a
enjoyed
plant
soon
very
the
rrlhich
for
productions
steam locomotive,
machinery, both steam turbines and diesel propelling
manufacture of propelling
the
uorks for
engineerinq
Three large shipyards rrlere added to the existing
lo
like
point
thal
I
should
(tt
this
at
is
military.
and
merchant
both
ships,
of
construction
136000SHp
of
propelling
machinery
its
uith
REX
named
passenger
ship
remember the biggest one, the
Subsequently the
apparatus started,
built
in 1333.)
have been transferred
these productions
thermoelectro pouer stations have taken their place.
Gradually
to other companies and stationary
thermo and
thermoelectro-mechanical and nuclear industry rilith an engineering
Ansaldo is today the main ltalian
production in this sector.
and manufacturing capacity covering over 50[ of the total national
wlr. Marras rrritl nou1 explain
Componenti is part.rl
in detail
the actual
structure
of the Ansaldo Group of uhich Ansaldo
A b r i e f S u r v e yo f A n s a l d o0 r g a n i z a t ' i o na n d A c t i v i t i e s
b y D . M a r r a s , A n s a l d oC o m p o n e n t i
ANSALD0uas founded in Genovain 1853 and is today the main Italian thermoelectro-mechanicaland
nuclear industry uith an engineering and manufacturing capacity covering over 50f of the total
national oroduction in thi.s sector.
the main holding companyof IRI in the sector of
ANSALD0is the leader company of FINwIECCANICA,
Ministry of State Participants r,rhich
mechanical industry. IRI is an institute
of the ltalian
operates in different areas like banks (Banca Commercialeftaliana, Banco di Roma,Credito Italiano,
etc.)e steel (Fincantieri), shipping (Finmare), ai-r transport (Alitalia), etc.
oulns also
FINTYIECCANICA
Alfa Romeo
(automative
Aeritalia
sector),
(aerospace sector)
and Stabilimenti
lvleccanici VIvl(diesel engine sector).
organization has trrlo engineering
ANSALDO
orvrsr-ons (tmpranEl ano l\lLf(AJ ano many
companies like Elettronica di
other
Potenza, Ansaldo Transporti,
Ansaldo
Componenti, etc. as urell as different
associated
companies,
such
as
Esacontrol, Elsag, GIE, etc.
of ANSALDCI
in the
The main activities
different sectors are:
Electric transport
10f
Sundry industrial sector
20ft
Energy
7]fr
The companies ulhich operate in
the
ANSALDO energy sector
are Ansaldo
Division,
Impianti
Nira
Division,
Componenti,
Cern, Aerimpianti,
Ansaldo
Sopren, Termosud.
The manufäcturing activity
covers the
products:
follotrring
components for
nuclear reactors, boilers,
turbines,
generators for hydro-thermo, nuclear,
geothermal, diesel and gas driven pouler
plants,
pouer transformers, nuclear
reactors
up
to
higher
ratings,
conventional
and super
conducting
magneE,s.
A r e a a n d A n a l o gC o m P u t eFr a c i l i t V
T u r b i n eM a n u f a c t u r i n g
Virit to the SLeam
opportunity to visit
had the
the opportunity
lvleetinghad
Group lvleeting
the Usersr
Usersr Group
participants of the
The participants
The
SamPierdarena.
Ansaldo in SamPierdarena.
area of Ansaldo
area
the balancing
visited
trje first
and the control room.
and overspeed test
facilit,y
for
the turbine
steam turbine
manufacturinq
and qenerator
rotors
components of the turbines are assembled'
Then rL.reulent to the assembly shop r:;here the most important
a lifting
on tulo level-s uith
operating
cranest
larqe
The rLlorkshopis equipped uith benches and
on their
are
shrunk
turbines
nuclear
LP
the
of
rrrheels
lhe
shop
of over 200 tons. In this
capacity
assemblinq
After
distribution.
position in order lo have a more shrinking force
shaft in vertical
overspeed.
and
all rotors are balanced at the nominal speed
lathes, NC horizontal
vertical
also the machining shop, equipped rrrith horizontal and
li.le visited
and
eiqht directions
along
controlled
heads
three
boring machines and a planner milling machine uith
a moving tabl-e 18 meters long.
the
trlith trLlo EAI 2000 computers ulhere a dynamic model of
facilities
ure sa1r the simulation
the
and
system
control
electronic
real
the
connected rrLith
The model is
turbi.nes '1as running.
have
to
in
order
adjusted
and
simulation
actuator. The control system is checked by the real-time
correct behaviour. The simulation uas demonstrated'
Finally
Balancing and OverspeedTest Facility
D. Marras
In the AssemblYShoP
Afteruards a bus brought us to santa lvlargherita Ligurer
rrlould continue.
35 km east of Genova,r'rlherethe meeting
Report of EAI
l , y P . L a n d a u e r ,E A I t r l e s tL o n g B r a n c h
apologized for
l4r. Landauer first
their
regrets.
meeting. They sent
the
fact
could not be at the
that fvlr. lrJright and fir. lvlar:lson
EAI covers the follouling areas:
- simulati.on computers
- service business
- contract manufacturj-ng
To give an idea of the companyorganization {Ylr. Landauer mentioned the key people of EAI.
The present EAI products are:
- EAI 2OOB
- HYSHARE
2OOO
- SIMSTAR
- Function Generation Package
Somedetails
about the follcuring neu,produets uere introduced:
Standalone,.Computer:
The SIwISTAR
* Basic SIüSTARSystem for Smaller Labo:atories
* Starter System TorrrardSimulation Center
* Requires Disk/Line Printer
* Built-in 15k1z A/D/A Data Conversion
* Supports FuII STARTRAN
ProgrammingSystem
* fxpsndable rrlith H05T Interface Package
Under Development: Function Generation Processot:
x Direct HardulareImplementation of FGSYS
Processing
* Single Precision Floating Point
* Up to 128 Functions of 1t2r3r4 Variables
* From 256 - 1024 K lrJordsof Function lYlemory
* Shared MemoryInterface to DAPin SIwISTAR
* Approximately I lvlFLOPs
Processing Speed
* Up to trrlo Units per Shared fYlemory
Interface
There rLlasa question from the users: the number of breakpoints is limited
Release 1.5 (000):
Under Development:STARTRAN
* PTRAN
LanguageSupport of:
- SINE/COSINIwlath Computing Block
- Trip1e lvlultiplier
- Function Generator
* Real-time DAPSimulation Language
- ACSLCompatible Syntax
- Automatically ImplementedData Conversion
- Interrupt Driven Derivative Calculations
* CompleteSIüSTARRun-time Executive
* Release - December1985
to 64.
SIMSTAS
Rt a t u s R e p o r t
b y F . K a c z a l a ,E A I P a r i s
Historical
program3
Bvervieu of the SIIY|STAR
1g?5-1S80
presentation
of an Autopatch extension possibiLity
1981
Definition
oroducts
of a neursimulati.on equipment to replace the PACER600 and PACER700 line of
for
the 680/681 computers
DIANAmarketing program presentation to major customers and at the Usersr Group meeti-ngs
in furope and USA
'l
Jan 983
SIüSTARprogram approved by EAI board of directors
JuIy 1983
introduction to USAmarket (hlSCSconference Scottsdale, USA)
SImSTAR
Sept
'1983 SImSTAR
introduction to international
market (ESCconference Aachen, Germany)
orders ( S e p t e m b e1r 9 8 5 ) :
SIlv|STAR
order
date
Nov 1983
Dec 1983
Feb 1984
wlay1984
Aug 1984
Dec 1984
Feb 1985
wlar 1985
lvlay1985
Jul 1985
units
1
1
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
2
customer
application
area
installed
nuclear pouer plant controls
lJestinghouse, USA
missile studies
(US ArMY)
IVIICSM
missile studies
tvlIccfl (US Army)
robotics, controls
TU Vienna, Austria
torpedo studies
NCSC(US Navy)
controls of motors
EastmanKodak, USA
missile studies
fYlartin lvlarietta' USA
(Namenot released, USA)
missile control studies
Nissan Aeiospacer JaPan
ILJPAF
Inst.of Technology, USA €l i n h i e r r e f o m
at TU Vienna
EAI SIMSTAR
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
X
c T M S T ATRr a i n ' i n q a n d M a in t e n a n c e
b y F , K a c z a l a ,E A I P a r i s
customers'
courses for
the follouiing
EAI offers
userrs site'
t
h
e
a
t
o
r
q
a
n
i
z
e
d
b
e
a
l
s
o
c
a
n
b
u
t
Jersey,
The courses are held in tLJest Lonq Branchr Netrl
A.
SIMSTAR
Programming
CourseSequence
SIMSTAR Overrriel
Math CoroputingBlocks
Topics
Basic Progre-*ing
Scaüng
qtrri^
SIMSTAROverqierv
SIIIIST.,l,R/Hos
t In rerlace
Tc<Fint
Parallel Logic Unit
Logic Progra.rutng
Parailei Conpiler
Host Operations
Run Tine Ereculive (slIrRUN)
Applicatioa ExanPles
Parailel Inierr'aceLibrary
Systen iniri.ti'ation
Error Processbg
Setuo & Controi
Log'ic incerface
Data ConversionPrccessoiChannel.Drogro-s5o
Tiaers and Clocl<s
Shared]lenory Ooeratron
Interrupt Processi-.rg
Progranroing Tec,irniques
Äpplicatioo E-xanpies
S I M S T A RP R O G R A M M I N GI I
SIIVIU
LATION & CCMPUTAT]ON
5 DAYS
Topics
to ACSL
IntroducEion
MACROCotoPonenls
T-|'^/q,t^rj^n
to
S I N 1 S T AP
RR O G R A M [ / I N GI I I
P R O GN A f u I I I, 1
NG
MULTIPROCESSOR
5 OAYS
P-TRAN
A C S Lv s . P ' T R Ä N
Syntax, Strr:cture& Controi
ScalingConsideratjoos
Couua.oCs
N1uld,console
Operalions,Listings& Erors
Run TtureExecutjve(SI]1RÜ]I)
HostOperati,ons
B.
rapid orientation
SI{YISTAR
(one rrleek):
The course comprises five days of lectures reinforced
Many of the concepts and
techniques
that
are
bY demonstrations.
employed
by
proqrammers of
conventional
hYbrid
has been
tranferable to sIfYlSTAR.For that reason' this course
computing systems are directty
s
tudentrs
t
h
e
o
n
relying
course'
This
designed specifically for experienced hybrid pl.ogl.ammel's.
basis and hands-on laboratorY
much of the theoretical
omitting
reckoning uhile
associative
toulards
orientation
experimentation,providesthestudentuithacomprehensive,albeitrapid'
able to use SIMSTARTs
programmingslttlsTAR.Uponcompletionofthiscourse'.thestudentrrlillbe
to simulate continuous systems'
multiprocessing capabilities
This course is intended for engineers and scientists
contemporaryhybrid comPutinq sYstems.
rrrhohave slgnificant
experienee in
programming
Logic Unit' Data
Parallel
SIIYISTARovervieu; t Mathematical Computing Blocks,
are:
The topics
Parallel
Translator,
Paralle1
(SItvlCOtv|),
Compiler
Conversion Processot, Shared lYlemoryt Parallel
lnterface Library, Run-Time Executive ( s r m R U N ) .
EAI also
customers uant EAI to do the service of their computers' But
The majority of the SIMSTAR
offers a maintenancecourse. This is a ten ueeks lraini-ng sequence.
your local EAI office'
For more detailed information contact
10
F a mIi
o f D i q ' i t a l A r i t h m e t i c P r o c e s s o r si n S I M S T A R
b y P . L a n d a u e r ,E A I l d e s t L o n g B r a n c h
32
To meet the requirements of a broader range of applications, the entire family of Gould C0NCEPT
built-in
original
digital processors can nourbe integrated into the EAI SIüSTARmultiprocessor. The
Arithmetic Processor (DAP) provides the most economical choice up to about 1 million
Digital
The Host could be used in the solution loop but can only be supported
operations-per-second (1v16PS).
in FORTRAN.
By choosing a 32/6? or 32/57 as the DAP, a performanceup to about 4 t40PScan be completely
programmingsystem. An IPU can be further utilized
using the entire STARTRAN
integrated in SIMSTAR
rrrith semaphoresin FIRTRAN.The Host can also be added in real-time by incorporating the Gould MSX'''2
using semaphores.
shared memogy.Aqain, this is presently supported only in F0RTRAN
The Data Conversion Processor can communicate rr.rith up to tulo PSPIs and all of the di-gital
interrupt processing and SIffiI0CS resident multiprocessor
processors. The samespecialized SIMSTAR
computers.
communicationsyslem operates rrlith the complete family of C0NCIPT
memoryoperates satisfactorily in real-time. Since the 32/97 Ls very
In most cases, tne 32/67 CACHE
hits i-n an interrupt environment may require the addition of Shadou Memory
fast, unrepeatable CACHE
program.
for the DTRAN
Combined rLlith the neulfloating-point Function Generati-onProcessor (DMFG),the total digital porrrer
processing opens neuJ
!o about 25 m0ps. This balanced digital
is increased from 1 tvlOPS
of SIIvISTAR
aI1 supported in
opportuni.ties for effective utilization of the paral1e1 processing porrrerof SIMSTAR
one hi-gh l-evel programminglanguage.
D. fvleerkamp
P. Landauer
11
C o n c e P t3 2
Short-f orm 0vefYj9w-g-bgg! t h e G O U L D
Aachen
b y D . M e e r k a m PE, A I G m b H
Ptod'ct L
tine of concept 32
as a grobar overvieul about G'uLDts present
The fotrouring is intended to serve
as ulell as the digitat
Processor) in tne SImSTAR
computers, used by EAI as DAP(Digital Arithmeti-c
Concept 32 series can serve as Hosl for
the GUULD
part in EAl-2CI00based hybrid systems. In addition
Simulation lYlultiprocessor'
the EAI SIMSTAR
The E0NCEPT32 familiy
product lines:
comprises three
- CoNCEPT32/21 aL the lotrr-end
- C0NCEPT32/67 in the mi-d-range
- coNcEpT 32/97 al the high-end'
The petformance range of the C0NCEPT
the
familY extends from 0.5 ilIPS of
'1
the
of
IYIIPS
0
32/27 to more than
32/s7}o (see Fig. 1).
0f great importance is the facl that the
consistent
provides
C0NCEPT32 family
i-nterfacest
the
of
uprrrard compatibil-ity
and
devices
peripheral
controller,
future
user
the
to assure
softulare
5
3
]
2
t
grorL.rthin application capacity' Harduare
throuqh the
obtained
comoati-bility is
modular design of the computers' A1l the
membets have the same high-speed SelBUS
rrlhich accepts the same memory modules
and
interfaces
high-performance
and
same
the
use
They also
controllers.
the
Processor (fOe) for
Input/Output
2)'
(see
Fig'
medium-speed I/0 subsystem
t26r6
t26r$
3t/at!
tttb
ttttF
tttD
Figure 1
Relative Performanceof the
32 FamilY
C0NCEPT
CPUI main memoryt
has a transfer rate of 26'67 wIB/sec' The
The high-speed synchronousSeIB|.JS
to the
and the IOP interface uith the 5e1BlJ5'In addition
high-performance controllers/interfaces
rt is
(|llp
Bus)'
Bus
wlultipurpose
32 famiry has a second bus' the medium-speed
selBLJSthe CONCEpT
qreat
allours
structure
each member'This dual-bus
generated by the I0P, a standard feature of
flexibi-1ity in system configuration'
S o f t u a r e c o m p a t i b i l i t y i s o b t a i n e d b y i m p l e m e n t i n g t h e s a m e o p e r a t i n g s y s(used
t e m ofor
n a l SISSTAR)
l . t h e m e mand
b e lan
sol
are supported: mPX-32
the DSNCEPT32 family. Trrlo operating systems
urx/32. lrJhile mPX-32 is more oriented touards
authorized version or slrr Laboratoriesr uNrx,
general pulpose operatinq system'
real-time application s, UfXßz is a time-sharing,
32 Product Lines
Brief Butline of three C0NCEPT
32/27 Waduct line has three members:
The C0NDEPT
- CONCEPI
32/27
- C0NCEPT
32/2705
- C0NCEPT
32/2750
rLrhichallorr;s greater expansion for the 32/2705 and
These membersare similar excepl for the packing
for the 32/27501
t /
32/272 single 15 slot processor chassis, maximum4 lYlBmemory
32/2?O5z 18 SeIBUSslot chassis and one I/0 expansion chassis rrrith I wIPBus
slots, maximumEfYlB
memory
32/275O2 tr:lo 18 SeIBUSslot chassis and one I,/0 expansion chassis,
maximum16 fiB memory
Both the 32/2705 and the
accelerator (HFPA).
32/2750 may be optionally
expanded uith
a
HardrLrareFloating
Point
The CONCEPT
32/67 product line has three memDersi
- coNcEPT32/6705
- CONCEPT
32/6750
- C0NCEPT
32/6780
Again, the members differ
in their expansion capability. The maximum
main memoryranges from Ew|B
(for the 32/6705) to l6wlB (for the 32/6?50 and the 32/67eO). The 32/6780 comesrrrith a CPU and an
Internal Processing Unit (tPU) resulting in a significant speed-up of the total system. All three
membersmay be optionally expandeduith a HarduiareFloating Point Accelerator.
The C0NCEPT
32/97 has three membersas urell:
- coNCEpT32/S?O5
- coNcEPT32/5750
- C0NCEPT
32/9?80
32/9? ulilizes ECl-based CPUs. Important features
The C0NCEPT
performance of the 32/97 nenbers are!
-
contributing
built-in Floäting Point Processor
wlultiply Accelerator (HACC)
up to 64KBof eight-uay set associative cache memoryper processor
up to 256K8 of shadorLl
memoryper processor
internal processinq unit (IPU).
EI
n
OP'IONA! EOUIPMENT
Figure 2
Gould CONCEPT
32 Family General Configuration
to
the
outstanding
E x p e r i e n c e sw i t h S I M S T A-R F i r s t R e p o r t
b y t , ' l .K l e i n e r t , T e c h n i s c h eU n i v e r s i t ä t W i e n
of vienna (TU) provides simulation tools
The Hybrid computation centre of the Technical university
of hybrid
It covels not only the field
to a variety of users rLlithin and outside the university.
types of computers'
computati_onbut also other simulation lanquages on different
INSTALLATION
an automized
a very perfect modern state-of-the-art replacement of
The autor considers the srtylsTAR
lests
acceptance
r;iasplaced in fvlai-1984' In December1984
analog computer. The order for a SIMSTAR
Final
1985'
fvlarch
and
delivered in January
took place in lLjest Long Branch. The system lras
16r 1985. The author rlanted especially to
fqarch
on
peformed
ulere
installation and acceptance tests
engineer, ujho did a particular good job on the
menlion lYlark Demoresky, the EAI installation
installation.
DESDRIPTlON
has the follouling specifications:
TU Viennars SIMSTAR
- Stand Alone SYstem
- n o D C P( - a s o c a l l e d r P o o r M a n r sS y s t e m f )
- smallest DAP(32/27),
inthemeantimea160tv|BFixedDischasbeenadded,alsoanELine
AsynchronousUnitand2.Linespermanentlyconnectedtothe
TU-Ethernet
- LCU, 0.5 tv|Bhave been added
- PSP: half size matrix rr.riththe follorrring components:
28 fYllNT(inteqrators/track stores/first order J-ag, var' limit)
(multipliers/dividers,/square root uith variable limit
1B IYIULSUIYI
plus dual sulitch summers)
10 üSUFI(4 input summersuiith variable gain and limit)
(comParators)
12 IYICOMP
32 trunk i-nPuts
64 trunk outputs
Function generators are planned to be built
at the University'
TESTS
ACCEPTANCE
Acceptance tests
internal statistics
as reliability
uhere
uJere made based on EAI sPecificationst
delivered mactos.
the
of
and dYnamic accuracY
on the static
measureEAI provided
by the author, guided by a 1? year experience in
In addition special performance tests Uere defined
of the neu ana1og computer the main emphasis
accuracy
analog accuracy proDlems. In order to test the
proqlams
test
0n1y one of the five
resul-ts.
problems uith knoun mathematical
uJasput on artificial
system). The results have been compared rrrith results
(highly
oscillatory
uras a user appli-cation
(mufti Access Hybrid System) based on the EAI
obtained from the hybrid time-sharing system mACHYS
PACER600 AutoPatch SYstem.
resurts have been
these performance tests have been described shortly and the
In the presentation
the o1d
rr-rhereas
quite
accurately
results
the
produced
discussed. 0n the rirhole the sItvlsTARsolution
have
tests
value
end
satisfactory
Also
etc'
considerable phase shift errors, overloads
system shorL.red
time scales'
been made rLlith SIwIRUNfor different
the superior accuracy of the neuj system
The result of the comparison of extreme test programs shor,led
in reqard to its
the tvlAcHys system behaves like other crassical analoq computers
(5ISSTAR) uhite
INTERFACE 22'
given
in
is
tests
performance
the
computing accuracy. A detailed desription of
pp
1B-21'
lrlien, Hybridrechenanlage, June 1985t
Technische Universität
14
REPORT
REL]ABILTY
Up to nor:lno errors occurred at the DAPCpU, the LCU, the PL[.
The qreatest problem rLlasa disc controller failure (on Lhe Gould part, bad soldering in SwIDadapter)
rLlhichcaused a lot of trouble, especially in file handling.
0n the PSPthe SIflSTARAutomatic Test SystemSATSruns daily since April. One error that could not
be detected by SATSrilas a faulty chip on a middle block card. According to these SATS diagnostic
runs (static part only) the follouring classes of errors can be defined:
Class 1 egors: elements slightly out of specifications (Global Tolerance Factor GTF< 1 )
- most of them vary randomly from day to dayr possible reasons are:
noise on ground, high frequency noise' etc.
- ferrl of the macros shou permanentclass 1 errors (are supposed
to be out of specifications): 3 lvlINT'1 tv|ULSU[v|
Class 2 errors: elements out of specifications (GFT2 1 )
- 1 MINT (since Apri1, lras successfully repaired)
- 1 tvlULSU{vl
(since fvlay30, came stil1 bad back from lLJestLong Branch)
Class 3 errors: elements defective
- 1 lv|SU{Yl
(since April 1 r uas successfully repaired)
- 1 ffiULSUIYI
(since ftlay 2O, uras successfully repaired)
- 1 üINT (since July 8, is not yet repaired)
UJITHSATS
PROBLEMS
In experiences r:lith daily runs of SATSthe follotrling problems appeared:
The dynamic part of SATS is stil1 not available (it urasscheduled for wlarch1985). The TIDE and
integrator rate tests are not automized and.too complicated to be done preventi.vely. For the suitch
matrix test a better algorithm ulould be necessary.
'The
deallocation mechanismulas found to be very impractical: lvlostmacros uith class 1 errors could
A lab
be used in manyapplications (e.g. if only the limiter netulorks are out of specifications).
managershould be able to deallocate individual components.
SOFTIJARE
INTEGRATION
5 TS is being used as simulation softr:lare system on a time-sharing base on the
For many years HYBSYS
PACER600 Autopatch system. This softulare system is highly i.nteracLive, also in the modelling
have
process and supports extensive graphics and sophisticated experiments. Norrlsimilar facilities
to be provided for TU Vienna users on the SIwISTAR.
into the hybrid progranrmingsystem at the Technical University
The softuare integration of SIMSTAR
77 and
6 wIPXuill have a neu design, r,lill be uritten in F0RTRAN
of Vienna is norrlin progress. HYBSYS
rrrill run on the 32/27 DAP. The time schedule provides for a single user version ln February 1986 and
a multi user time-sharing version in September1986.
CONCLUSIONs
600 Aut,opatchbased time-sharing system is still
fn the meantime access to the old PACER
(a1so over TU-NET).
provided
ulith EAf softuare.
A selected group of users lrith applications i-n robotics are using SIIvISTAR
errors
The EAI softuare release D00 is unpatiently rrlaiteä for, uhere PTRAN
SIfiRUNshoul-dhave graphi-c capabilities.
shoul-d be removed and
Also a PGSversion rrrithout recataloging each model change (? to 11 minutes realtime!) is aulaited.
W o r k i n gG r o u P
group on EAr 2000 systems. The
There uas a uorking
40) uere discussed'
questions (see also
ansrrlersto last yearrs
page
rrias. asked: lJhy is *:
1 the folrouing question
number
question
of each
yearrs
to the purchased quantity
As an extension to rast
one dozen and not '"rät"a
to
of
limited
quantity
patchcord replacement
a problem related to the
that there shourd not be
ansuered
to
rrrilring
has and is
customer? EAr representatives
horrrmany patchcords each customer
knorrr
not
does
ao,
the repraceo p"t"n"orJ..
customer'
make an agreement rrlith the
foltouing
not properly ans'ered' The
yearrs question number2 rr;as
jump
rast
still
that
to zero: does it
rt uras critizised
REp-'p timer varues is set
the
of
one
if
iappens
question arouses unat
modeor does it not?
for a very short time in that
ThepresidentoftheUsersrGroupisraisinqthematteruithEAlandrrlillreporttothenext
meeting.
copies of educational notes
The president had received
support.
of
lack
at
pDp 11 users u,ere unhappy
and lvlr' Meerkamp'
to lYlr' Schemmann
and agreed to send copies
Park Hotel Suisse,
UJorkingGrouP
Santa lvlargherita
2000/3200
A u s t r i a , h a sa h y b r i d c o m p u t eEr A I for thi s
-i
.Z'
u
n
'
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
-of-Graz,
1p' ouid""- ECSSL
softwar e
The Techn.ical
EAI- ääes not
ß E L 3 2 1 7 7a) n d ,rär" i ri rtf
a
n E c s s l v e r s i o nf o r
o
f
iäl ; - . " ; - p r o v i a ä ' l - . o p v
R
n
y
o
n
u
i
i
r
o
r
"
.
configuration
contact
i l ; ; ä o n f i g u r a t i o ns h o u . l dp ' l e a s e
M r . G e r h a r dl ' r l azle l
Energ'ieumwandlung
Institut für Eleitromagnet'ische
i e c h n i s c h eU n i v e r s i t ä t G r a z
K o p e r nki u s g a s s e2 4
A - 8 0 1 0G r a z , A u s t r i a
T e l . : 0 3 16 / 7 0 6 1 1 ? 4 8
to
S I M S T AN
Ro n li n e a r 0 s c i I I a t o r
b y P , L a n d a u e r ,E A I W e s t L o n g B r a n c h
INTRODUDTION
exampleused the STARTRAN
1 softr:lare for programmingand operalion. The equation
This simple SIIYISTAR
uses balanced positive and negative feedback to maintain a constant amplitude of oscillation.
Frequencies over 5 hertz i-n real time or up to 2.5 KHZ at 5OO/1 faster than real time can be
handled. The results i-n real time can be plotted on a strip chart recorder and the high frequencies
can be displayed on a tulo channel oscilloscope. lJhile the repetitive solution is displayed, the user
can continue to interact through SIfiRUNto investigate parametric changes.
APPLICATION
The basic nonlinear oscillator
eouation is
nx+ei2*i=o
There is an initial condition on X rLlhichproduces a constant asymmetricoscillation in X depending
upon the value of B. This problem r:lasfirst run in ACSLlo determine practical ranges for the state
variabl-es and then the additional PTRANstatements rLlereadded as shoun in Fioure 1.
The three logic equations for LIC, Lm0N0,and LTERwI
uere used to control the PSPlYlodeautomaticatly
for repetitious solulion and display on the oscilloscope as identifi.ed in REC2. The T variable
(time) feeds the Horizontal rrrhile Display Variables X and XD0Tfeed trrroof the four available
channels. Channels 1 and 4 are biased to provide axes for channels 2 and 3.
File uas prepared in the Editor to provide si-mplecontrol of the problem from SIfvlRUNas
The Command
shotrln in Figure 2. A basic run is included in the PTRAN
program for BETA=1
r TRUN=1,A=500, and
Results of running the Basic Run and after the R2 conditions are establ-ished are shoun in Figure 3
and 4. It can be seen that this is about 4 - 5 hertz uhich is actually 22 - 28 radians per second.
command procedure P speeds up the solution by lOO/1, adjusts the run-time, and the scale
the run-time. Thenr it activates the Parallel Processor (RR) mode uhich allorrrs the togic
circuit
to control
the inteqration.
At this point, solutions containing 4 - 500 hertz frequencies
are displayed ulith a 20 millisecond repetition
period. Interacti-ve parameter changes can then be
made to study the equation.
The last
factor for
APPENDIX
The four channel oscilloscope has been uired
SIIYISTAR
on Recorder 2 as fol-l-orLrs:
Channel
1
2
3
4
5
into
cHr
Hori.zontal Input (0 - 1.0)
rop Channel (10.2/DIV)
Second Channel
cH2
Third Channel
Bottom Channel-
Each
channel is separaled by tuo divisions on the CH3
CRT. Note that 1.0 in the Horizontal is actually g
vofts.
AIso, lhe scali.ng of each channel is 1.8
volts/division.
By proper specification of biasinq ^.. .
cHa
and scaling of each channel, it should b" possiblJ
to create any desired display uithout changing any
settings
on the oscilloscope. 0f course, this can
include
crossplots
in
r,lhich one
assigned to X. There is presently
blanking the screen.
variable
is
no means for
17
r P S P : 1 r 0 , E R R = fA l
TTITLE
I T O N L I N E A RO S C I L L A I O R
.
8Y J.PÄULLAI{DAUER:12 iAR 1985
P R €P A R E D
r II{PUT
P R O 6R A ' I
. a a E T A( S E T A ) '
LOGICAL LICz Ltl0tl0z LTERiT IC0
C0!IST^{T T0 - 0, gETA = lr TRUN - I
tCTl!l = 0'001
COilSTAilf ICO -.fnUE.e
COt{STAilT A : 500r I : 0.0t
CONSTAilf X0 = 16, XD0T0 = 0
' a i l A x v A LI = 1 0 . 0 2 B E I A s l z T R U N = ' 1 0 '
I a i I i l V A Ll : 0 . 0 r
BErA'.002r
. a f i A X V l L A : 1 0 0 0 1 8 = . 1 .
I itltilVAL A : 1002 8 = 0'
.APARALLTL.
DII{AItIC I DERTVAIIY€ i
' T A T t O E T TNI G I
' afiAxvAL x :
1000r
40r x00T =
' lllIttVAL | = -40.
XD0T = -10001
r a s c A L E D X = 1 0 0 , 0 x D o r = 2 5 0 0 r 0 1 = 1t D 1 t 1
XDOT = IilTE6( -ArX - aiXDOTrr? z ID0f0 )
'
x = r r { T E 6 (X 0 0 r r r 0 )
I
= INTEG( 1r
I0
)
.I.tOOE CYCLIilG
LTERil : T. EE.IRUII
Ll5Rll )
Lt{OtlO : ltlOt{0( lCf Il,
Lrc : sRf f ( IC0r LTERllr -NcT.Lt't0t{0 )
'eiloDE IC(LIC)' $'aüoDE HO(-FALSE.)'
.
DISPLAY VARIASLES
I
c H A N N €L S l A l l O 6 A R € A X E S F 0 R C L A t a 2 A t l o I
D1 = -0.2
D I = X + 2 0
D X D O T = X D o r - 5 0 0
04 = +o.2
' e R E C o R D( R E C | t t t t o ' r e
I a R €C O I O ( R E l | t t ' r ' . t t
I A €I I D P A R A L L E L I 3 €N D I E N D
END
TtRAilSLAIE
Ie
Tt
I
XDof )'
D1t DXe 0ID0Te D4 )'
'l
Figure
PTRANSource Program
RO
PROCED
5A=J00a8=0.01
'
s
f
"
T
: 10
5
'10
S IRUII :
S S E I A r l
€f i D
P t 0 c €D R 1
S A : 5 0 0 e 4 - 0 . 0 1
S 'SfreT : l0
s ftUI r 10
END
PROCED
T2
s A r E 0 0 ' 8 r 0 . 0 2
Ell0
P T O C E DI
sri rlur
slä . Ic.
Elt0
PROCE h
D
sri . sl.
SIi.HD.
Er{0
PROCED
O
s tft . 0P.
EI{D
PROCED
P
S I i l TR U '
s 8 €T A = . 0 ' t
s r R U t s 2
S 'Sfl ef=Z
srn .PP'
Elr0
S €f C i l o ' 0 I 5
Figure 2
File
SIüRUNCommand
tT
+
I
+
1
+
+
+
i
+
F r n r 1 1 6
i
Basic
Run
Figure 4
Run R2
S I M S T ASRi m u l a t i o no f a S a t e l l i t e A t t i t u d e C o n t r o l l e r
b y P . L a n d a u e r ,E A I W e s t L o n g B r a n c h
Fp - DISTUBBANCE
IU hLE
UPPER
CONTROL
JET
\
\
LOWEB
cölriiöu y'
JEf_J
This simulation of a rbang-bangf controller for the pitch attitude of a satellite launch vehicle rrlas
presented as an exampleof programmingSIMSTAR
and is typical of manyapplications in the aerospace
industry involving the design and analysis of feedback control systems.
Usinq the STARTRAN
ProgramGeneration System, the macro elements of the SIflSTARParallel Simulation
Processor can be combinedeasil